TRANSLATION
Definitions
•Translation means transference
from SL to TL.
•Translation is an operation performed
on languages: the process of substituting a text in one language for a text in
another.
•Translation leads from SL text to
target language text as close an equivalent as possible and presupposes an
understanding the content and style of the original.
•Translation is message transfer from
SL to TL.
•Translating consists in reproducing
the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of SL message.
Types of Translation
LARSON
Based on
reality of a text:
•Form Literal
Translation
•Meaning Idiomatic Translation
CATFORD
•Extent:
Full T >< Partial T
•Level:
Total T >< Restricted T
•Rank:
Bound T >< Unbounded T
Esthetic Poetic T
To translate literature works:
poetry, prose, drama.
Focus:
•Feeling
•Emotion
•Impression
Manusia
Kita adalah hujan yang
jatuh
Ke tanah
berkeping-keping
Mengalir ke laut
Dan kembali ke air
Pragmatic T
Based on the definition: Translation
is message transfer from SL to TL.
Focus:
•Accuracy of information
Wash the skin with the soap and
water and dry it well. Remove the covering material from the adhesive side of
the plaster. Place the plaster on the aching spot and press it to the skin
until it sticks. After use, remove the plaster by taking it at one corner and
tear it off. If there is any plaster remaining, it can be removed easily by
rubbing the spot with alcohol or spirit. The plaster should be worn for 2 or 3
days. In extreme cases, a second one may be applied.
Dynamic T
•Based on the definition:
Translating consists in reproducing
the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of SL message.
•Focus:
Natural TL
•Psychology as science is, first of all
and above all, empirical.
•Psychologists perform experiments and
make observations which other psychologists can repeat.
•They obtain data, often in the form of
quantitative measurements, which others can verify.
•We all belong to many different kinds
of group–our family, an informal clique, and social class.
•The groups to which we belong
influence our behavior and shape our attitudes about many things
Other Types of Translation
•Linguistic Translation
•Ethnographic Translation
Linguistic Translation
•Focus:
Meaning equivalent of main morphemes
of the both languages
•The most important
grammatical analysis
Linguistic Translation
Example:
•Harry is willing to help.
•Harry is difficult to help.
Ethnographic Translation
•To translate the cultural context of
SL into that of TL.
Example:
Democracy
Ethnographic
Translation
Tembang
Dolanan
Sluku-sluku
batok
Batoke
ela-elo
Si Rama
menyang Solo
Oleh-olehe
payung mutho
Mak jentit lo
lo lo bah
Wong mati ora
obah
Yen obah
medeni bocah
Yen urip
goleko duwit
Folk Song
•Scratch your head
•Shake your head
•You have to go to city
•The souvenir is royal umbrella
•Move or die
•The dead can only lie
•If you want to get respect
•Earn a lot of money
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