1.
We have
learned about cross-continental variation or dialect chains, (you could see
example 5 page 129). Give your explanation how to improve conversation in
dialect chains!
Answer:
Answer:
Avoid using slang and idioms, choosing words that will convey only the
most specific denotative meaning;
Listen carefully and, if in doubt, ask for confirmation of
understanding (particularly important if local accents and pronunciation area
problem); Recognize that accenting and intonation can cause meaning to
vary significantly; and Respect the local communication formalities and
styles, and watch for any changes in body language. Investigate their culture's perception of your culture by reading literature
about your culture through their eyes before entering into communication with
them. This will allow you to prepare yourself for projected views of your
culture you will be bearing as a visitor in their culture.
2.
Javanese
social status is reflected not just in choice of linguistics forms but also in
the particular combinations of forms which each social group customarily uses,
give your own experience of using Javanese in daily life (Arabic/vernacular for
Libyan)
Answer:
I am a man living in both Pekalongan and Semarang. I use Javanese,
Indonesian, and English. All Javanese people know that Javanese language has
rules / politeness in communication between talking to younger and older, to
younger people we use ngoko and kromo is used to talk to older people, even
stranger people. For example, I use kromo to my parents and use ngoko to talk
both young brother and young sister at home. The Javanese I know also has many
variations/accent, such as Pekalongan-accent, Pemalang-accent, Semarang-accent,
etc. In the domain I live in Kesesi, pekalongan (near the border between
Pekalongan and Pemalang), most of them use the combination of the vernacular
between the Javanese language of Pekalongan-accent and Pemalang-accent in daily
conversation, and the politeness rules of using kromo to speak to older people
is still involved. In the some domains in Semarang, I use the dialect of
Semarang-accent Javanese in the environment I stay and it is used to speak with
any other people or participant there, Indonesian and English is used to speak
in the setting of my class because I have friends not only from Indonesia but
also from Libya, so I have to use English with them (Libyan).
·
Pekalongan
-
Family
Setting : home
Topic : watching the television together
ü Parents : *Kromo
ü Young brother and Sister : *Ngoko (Javanese, Pekalongan’s
Accent)
-
Friendship
/ Environment
a.
Setting : river
Topic : Fishing
ü Friend : *Ngoko (Javanese, Pekalongan’s accent)
b. Setting : traditional market
Topic : asking for direction
ü Stranger : *Kromo (Javanese)
·
Semarang
-
Friendship
a.
Setting : Boarding House
Topic : Watching the Television
ü Friend : *Ngoko (Javanese, Semarang’s Accent)
b. Setting : Coffee
shop
Topic : Eat out with Friends
ü Friend : *Ngoko (Javanese, Semarang’s Accent)
ü Stranger : * Indonesian Language
-
Relationship
Setting : My Girl Friend’s
home
Topic : Having a date /
exciting meeting
ü Girl Friend : *Ngoko (Javanese, Semarang’s Accent)
ü Her parents : *Kromo (Javanese)
-
Education
(University)
a.
Setting : Class
Topic : Teaching Learning
Process and Discussion
ü Lecturer : *English
ü Learners : *English
b. Setting : Class
Topic :
Outside of teaching learning process, talking about study, assignment, work,
and any other interests
ü Local Friends : * Indonesian Language (some friends
use Javanese Language)
ü Friends from Libyan : *English
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