Education Definiton by Charlotte Mason


Charlotte Mason [1842-1923] was one of philosopher of education. She was British educator that her children education method is used as method by some homeschooling although the method wasn't originally for homeschooling. 
Charlotte Mason was an only child who was mostly educated at home by her parents. When she grew up, she began to develop her vision for "a liberal education for all" when she taught in England. The word "liberal" in Mason's time implied a generous and broad curriculum for all children, regardless of social class.
Mason wrote books about the foundation of philosophy, such as:
1.      Home education, Mason stated that education is come from home. From the home, parents educate their children outdoor activity, habits, religion, and nature.
2.      Parents and Children, published in 1896. Mason wrote that family is miniature of nation. Here the family has important role in children education. Because, education is began naturally from family itself. Parents’ job is to raise their children.

3.      School Education published in 1904, outlines her methods for educating children from approximately age 9 to 12. Every child is born endowed with the faculties and intelligence he needs; it isn't the job of education to provide that for him. He already has it. Education should help him apply wisdom and make relations between ideas.
4.      Ourselves, was also published in 1904. In here, Mason described self-knowledge and self direction.  Where in self knowledge is described about desirable, our mind, our feel, and how to develop habit to being useful. And in self direction is described about conscience, the will and the soul.
5.      Formation of Character, published the following year, in 1905. Mason stated that every child has their own character. This is different each other. Mason given specific examples the characters of children and how to parents do for their children.
6.      Toward a Philosophy of Education, this book is wrote for older students and though more philosophical, this volume gives the best overview of her approach and includes the final version of her 20 Principles. One of the principle is education is an atmosphere, a discipline, and a life.
"We may not make character our conscious objective," she wrote, but she believed that parents and teachers should "Provide a child with what he needs in the way of instruction, opportunity, and wholesome occupation, and his character will take care of itself: for normal children are persons of good will, with honest desires toward right thinking and right living. All we can do further is to help a child to get rid of some hindrance a bad temper, for example likely to spoil his life."
Education Definition by Charlotte Mason
            Homeschooling is selection educational concept that implemented by parents. The teaching learning process usually occurs in controlled situation. The purpose is for explore and develop each learner’s skills, creativities, experiences, expression feeling and uniqueness maximally. In National Education System Constitution, 27:1 ‘informal education activity is done by family and the environment that have the form of independency learning’. And 27:2 stated that, ‘the result of education in point 1 is same with formal and informal education after graduated with national education standard.’
            In the homeschooling, absolutely, the parents have responsibility with the homeschooler. Because of it, parents carry out the curriculum too. Teacher is as the facilitator. Homeschooling could be taken in any places. The curriculum might be designed for learner in the different conditions. The concept of the curriculum is customized. So, the hidden curriculum mostly applied. Mason’s homeschooling curriculum subjects are: math, science, history, geography, bible, scripture memory, literature, poetry, nature study, picture study, handicraft and art, music study, hymn study, Shakespeare, and personal development.
            Mason stated that Education is an atmosphere, a discipline, and a life. Education is an atmosphere means that education is used to educate children are the child's natural environment, the training of good habits and exposure to living ideas and concepts. Children learn from real things in the real world.  It do not mean that a child should be isolated in 'child-environment' especially adapted and prepared, but that we should take into account the educational value of his natural home atmosphere, both as regards persons and things, and should let him live freely among his proper conditions. Education is a discipline means the discipline of habits, formed definitely and thoughtfully, whether habits of mind or body. The adaptation of brain structures to habitual lines of thought, it seems to be our habits and self-control. And, Education is a life means that education should apply to body, soul and spirit. The mind needs ideas of all kinds, so the child's curriculum should be varied and generous with many subjects included [hidden curriculum].




There are the Mason’s methods that mostly applied in homeschooling:
Living Books
      Mason’s method that she used is living book for every subject. Living books usually be written by one person who has passion for the topic of material and wrote in conversational or narrative. The mostly appearance of content should be alive and easy to remember the events and facts. Living books are basically lists informational facts in summary form as like as encyclopedia and it are available for most school subject, such as: math, geography, and science, etc.
Narration and Recitation
      Most of the children are expected to tell about their experience, such as something that their read. It can be called narration. Narration can be oral or written or drawn. This activity made the children to retell narration in their own words to other people. Narration is the important and isn’t difficult to implement.
Copywork and Dictation
      The learner learns to make letters and number correctly. After that, the learner makes simple words, then sentences into paragraphs, and so on. Dictation is the parent reads and the child writes.
Handicraft and Picture Study
      Mason method usually begins the lesson in early morning and leaves in the afternoon for outdoor exploration, physical activity and handicrafts.  In the outdoor the children make handicraft of nature picture by cutting and sticking using origami paper. For picture study, Mason would have children first view and memorize a picture, then turn it over and remember it. The example is using flashcard.
Nature Study and Scouting
      Mostly, nature study is to explore outdoor activity by children experience itself. Especially is field trip to the sites of object study.  The children can study with real example and the application of the object in their live. They can identify and analyze the object by they own mind. Mason endorsed the activity of scouting for its educational value and added it to her curriculum.


Purpose and Function of Charlotte Mason Education Method
            The Mason’s Method makes learning activity in the home live absolutely. For examples, the child uses living book or outdoor activity in her homeschooling. Parents are the important person in the homeschooling. Children should be learned their environment by their parents. They could be control their emotion by watching their parent in solving problem. Parents’ characteristics influence to the child habit.
            Homeschooling is optional informal school that the purpose is to explore each child’s skills and uniqueness maximally.  It could be taken at any places, any time that good or fit with the learner. The curriculum usually is developed following the situation. 
            Homeschoolers might be children who have special needs, multiple-intelligence, or they have no time to go to school, as like actor or actress. Or parents who want their children get the best studies that could be controlled. And, if the parents afraid their child influence in bad temper or habit by their friendship, etc. Mason’s method of living book and natural study absolutely gain the children skills. The activities such as: a growing time, seek seeing, picture painting, flowers and trees, living creature, etc. From the experience of them, children will get their own logicality to solve any problems around. These are the function of Mason’s method.
           
Application of Charlotte Mason Method to Society
            Charlotte Mason might be correct, there is no higher calling than raising the next generation, and it is good to enter into it with some knowledge, and to realize that we don't just raise them to be a blessing to ourselves as parents, but to all of society as well. 
            Little children love to play with other little children, given the opportunity sounds like baby talking, taking much pleasure in one another. For many people, the public school contains boys and girls of about the same age and standing, and homeschooled children often want to participate in scouting groups for the same reason.
            The purpose of educate children in formal or informal school is for living together in environment and society. In my case is informal school [homeschooling] that the children have been learned about how to control themselves by discipline habit. And in Mason’s curriculum scouting is included. People know that scout has quality in character, personality, skills, and generous that can help other people in any situation.

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